: The foundational international legal document that defines torture and the responsibilities of states to prevent it. Defining Torture Fact Sheet : A resource from the Danish Institute Against Torture (DIGNITY)
of extreme methods, these sources discuss similar "academy" structures: Rationalizing Torture through Professionalization
: This research details the involvement of psychologists in developing and standardizing "interrogation strategies" at military and intelligence "black sites". Medical Complicity in Torture
that outlines the four required elements for a practice to be legally ruled as torture: severe pain/suffering, intentionality, specific purpose, and official capacity. Theorizing about Torture : A paper from the Institute for Advanced Study
: A collection of research papers discussing how professional groups (including medical and psychological) have historically been involved in "cruel interrogation" practices. Legal and Ethical Frameworks For papers regarding the legal definition
of what constitutes torture (which often includes "cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment" that may not leave physical marks), you can refer to: The Convention against Torture (CAT)
: The foundational international legal document that defines torture and the responsibilities of states to prevent it. Defining Torture Fact Sheet : A resource from the Danish Institute Against Torture (DIGNITY)
of extreme methods, these sources discuss similar "academy" structures: Rationalizing Torture through Professionalization -tickle torture academy-
: This research details the involvement of psychologists in developing and standardizing "interrogation strategies" at military and intelligence "black sites". Medical Complicity in Torture : The foundational international legal document that defines
that outlines the four required elements for a practice to be legally ruled as torture: severe pain/suffering, intentionality, specific purpose, and official capacity. Theorizing about Torture : A paper from the Institute for Advanced Study Theorizing about Torture : A paper from the
: A collection of research papers discussing how professional groups (including medical and psychological) have historically been involved in "cruel interrogation" practices. Legal and Ethical Frameworks For papers regarding the legal definition
of what constitutes torture (which often includes "cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment" that may not leave physical marks), you can refer to: The Convention against Torture (CAT)