– Artifacts are visible, tangible elements of culture (dress, layout, rituals). Values and assumptions are deeper levels.
Which organizational structure is most likely to create information silos? a) Matrix b) Flat c) Highly centralized functional d) Network msoc sample questions set 1
What is confirmation bias , and how can it negatively affect decision-making in a management team? Section C: Mini Case Study 9. Case : A non-profit organization has high turnover among junior staff. Exit interviews show people feel “unheard” and that upward communication is blocked. Managers say they have an open-door policy. – Artifacts are visible, tangible elements of culture
Your team is experiencing social loafing on a group project. Propose two specific communication-based interventions to reduce it. a) Matrix b) Flat c) Highly centralized functional
Barriers: Fear of retaliation, lack of psychological safety, managers’ defensive listening. b) Structural: Anonymous feedback system or monthly skip-level meetings. Process: Train managers in active listening & close the loop (respond to every submission).
Formal : prescribed by hierarchy (e.g., manager’s email to team). Informal : grapevine, social chats (e.g., lunch conversation about a new policy).